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Dr. Prabhu Karunakaran

Consultant Pediatric Urologist in Hyderabad

Dr. Prabhu Karunakaran

Consultant Pediatric Urologist in Hyderabad

Hydronephrosis in Children: Causes, Symptoms, and Advanced Treatment Options

Hydronephrosis is a medical condition in children characterized by swelling in one or both kidneys. This occurs when there is an obstruction in the tube (ureter) that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, commonly referred to as Pelvi-Ureteric Junction Obstruction (PUJO). In cases where the kidney swelling worsens or kidney function declines, surgical intervention may be necessary.

What Is Hydronephrosis?

Hydronephrosis happens when urine builds up in the kidneys due to a blockage or obstruction. This leads to the enlargement of the kidneys and can cause discomfort and other symptoms in children. While it is sometimes detected during antenatal scans, the severity of the condition varies and requires careful monitoring.

Causes of Hydronephrosis

The exact cause of hydronephrosis remains unknown in most cases. However, the condition is often associated with PUJO, which occurs when the flow of urine is blocked at the point where the kidney connects to the ureter.

Symptoms of Hydronephrosis

The symptoms of hydronephrosis in children depend on their age:

  • Infants and younger children: Swelling of the kidney may cause fullness in the tummy, making the child uncomfortable.
  • Older children: They may experience abdominal pain, urinary tract infections (UTIs), or discomfort in the lower abdomen.

Diagnosis and Monitoring

Hydronephrosis is typically diagnosed through imaging studies, such as ultrasound scans. Regular follow-up scans and follow-up by a pediatric urologist is essential to monitor the kidney’s condition and determine whether intervention is necessary.

Treatment Options

The treatment of hydronephrosis depends on the severity of the condition:

  • Observation and Monitoring: In mild cases, regular ultrasound scans are performed to track kidney swelling and function.
  • Surgical Intervention: Surgery may be required if there is worsening kidney swelling or a decline in kidney function. Surgical options include:
    • Open Surgery: A traditional approach to address the obstruction.
    • Laparoscopic Surgery: A minimally invasive method with smaller incisions.
    • Robotic Surgery: A cutting-edge technique offering precision and faster recovery.

When to Seek Medical Advice

If you notice symptoms like persistent abdominal pain, fullness in the tummy, or signs of a urinary tract infection in your child, consult a Pediatric Urologist. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and preserve kidney health.

Contact Us

For expert evaluation and treatment of hydronephrosis in children, book an appointment with Dr Prabhu Karunakaran, Consultant a Pediatric Urologist and Robotic Surgeon in Hyderabad. Visit www.drprabhukarunakaran.com for more information and personalized care.

 

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