When Does A Child Need Surgery for Urological Conditions? Expert Insights from Dr. Prabhu Karunakaran
Urological conditions in children can range from mild, self-resolving issues to complex anatomical abnormalities requiring surgical intervention. According to Dr. Prabhu Karunakaran, Consultant Pediatric Urologist in Hyderabad, early evaluation and timely surgical treatment can prevent long-term complications. Understanding when surgery is necessary can help parents make informed decisions about their child’s health.
Common Urological Conditions Requiring Surgery
- Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)
VUR is a condition where urine flows backward from the bladder to the kidneys, increasing the risk of infections and kidney damage. While mild cases may resolve with medication and monitoring, severe VUR may require surgical correction, such as ureteric reimplantation, to prevent recurrent infections and kidney damage.
- Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV)
PUV is a congenital condition seen in male infants, where extra tissue in the urethra blocks urine flow, leading to bladder and kidney problems. Severe cases often require surgical intervention, including valve ablation or diversion procedures, to restore normal urinary function and protect kidney health.
- Hydronephrosis
Hydronephrosis, or kidney swelling due to urine buildup, can result from blockages in the urinary tract. If obstruction leads to significant kidney dysfunction, surgery such as pyeloplasty (to remove blockages in the ureter) may be necessary.
- Undescended Testes (Cryptorchidism)
An undescended testicle that does not move into the scrotum naturally by six months of age requires surgical correction (orchidopexy) to prevent fertility issues and reduce the risk of testicular cancer.
- Hypospadias
Hypospadias is a congenital condition where the urethral opening is on the underside of the penis instead of the tip. Surgical correction is typically recommended before the child reaches school age to improve both function and cosmetic appearance.
Signs That Indicate the Need for Surgical Evaluation
Dr. Karunakaran advises parents to seek a Pediatric urologist’s opinion if they notice any of the following in their child:
- Frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- Difficulty urinating or weak urine stream
- Swelling in the abdomen or groin
- Blood in the urine
- Persistent bedwetting beyond the expected age
- Pain during urination
- Stones in the kidney or urinary tracts
- Scans suggestive of swelling in the kidney or urinary tract
The Importance of Early Diagnosis and Treatment
Delaying surgical intervention for conditions like PUV, severe VUR, or hydronephrosis can lead to irreversible kidney damage. Dr. Karunakaran emphasizes that early diagnosis through ultrasound, voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), and other imaging techniques can help determine the best course of treatment.
Final Thoughts
While not all urological conditions require surgery, timely intervention for severe cases can significantly improve a child’s quality of life and prevent complications. If your child has been experiencing recurrent UTIs or any urinary issues, consulting a pediatric urologist is crucial.
For expert consultation, reach out to Dr. Prabhu Karunakaran, a Pediatric urologist consultant in Hyderabad.
@ Little Star and She hospitals, banjara hills, Hyderabad
@ Citizens Specialty hospitals, Nalagandla, Hyderabad
@ Apollo hospitals, jublihills, Hyderabad.
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